GUINEA-BISSAU: the role of local and international NGOs in environmental preservation and sustainability of the Bijagos Archipelago
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.18766/2446-6549/interespaco.v1n3p191-202Parole chiave:
Natural Resources, Sustainability, Potentials, Vulnerabilities, Ressources Naturelles, Développement Durable, Potentiel, VulnerabilitésAbstract
ABSTRACT
Bijagos Archipelago in Guinea-Bissau is at present subject to numerous external impacts that affect its centuries old balance. Since 1975 Guinean society has been using its natural resources in an uncontrolled way over the territory and especially in the coastal area. The archipelago has been increasingly raising interest, most of which is incompatible with the guarantee for a long-term sustainable development. It has also displayed a general impoverishment as far as resource preservation is concerned, due to internal demographic pressure of a population that has doubled since 1981 and to external pressure related to neighboring migrations and consequent depletion of non-renewable resources. This article aims to analyze the actions of local and international NGOs in the preservation and sustainability of the Bijagos Archipelago. We seek through an interdisciplinary approach to analyze the phenomena that are configured within the strategies of NGOs, on the assumption that these issues are articulated in the field of geography and sociology, as well as in politics and international cooperation. It is proposed new challenges to environmental issues, especially in a current situation shaken by constant instability internal and external policies.
Keywords: Natural Resources; Sustainability; Potentials; Vulnerabilities.
GUINÉ-BISSAU: O Papel das ONG Locais e Internacionais na Preservação Ambiental e Sustentabilidade do Arquipélago de Bijagós
RESUMO
O Arquipélago dos Bijagós na Guiné-Bissau é actualmente objecto de numerosos impactos externos que afetam o seu equilíbrio secular. Desde 1975, a sociedade guineense tem vindo a utilizar os seus recursos naturais de forma descontrolada sobre o território, especialmente na área costeira. O arquipélago tem suscitado, cada vez, mais interesse, na maioria dos quais incompatíveis com a garantia de um desenvolvimento sustentável a longo prazo. Tem-se assistido a um empobrecimento geral que põe em causa a preservação dos recursos, devido à pressão demográfica interna de uma população que duplicou desde 1981 e das pressões externas relacionadas com as migrações vizinhas e consequente esgotamento dos recursos não-renováveis. Este artigo pretende analisar as ações das ONGs locais e internacionais na preservação e sustentabilidade do Arquipélago dos Bijagós. Procuramos através de uma abordagem interdisciplinar analisar os fenómenos que se configuram no âmbito das estratégias das ONGs, partindo do pressuposto de que estes assuntos se articulam no campo da geografia e da sociologia, assim como no campo da política e da cooperação internacional. Propõe-se novos desafios para as questões ambientais, sobretudo numa atual conjuntura abalada pelas constantes instabilidades políticas internas como externas.
Palavras-chave: Recursos Naturais; Sustentabilidade; Potencialidades; Vulnerabilidades.
GUINÉE-BISSAU: Le rôle des ONG Locales et Internationales dans la Conservation et la Durabilité de L'Archipel des Bijagos
RESUME
L'Archipel des Bijagos en Guinée-Bissau fait actuellement l'objet de nombreux impacts externes qui affectent l'équilibre séculaire. Depuis 1975, la société guinéenne utilise ses ressources naturelles hors de contrôle du territoire, en particulier dans la zone côtière. L'archipel suscite de plus en plus un intérêt dont la plupart sont incompatibles avec la garantie d'un développement durable à long terme. Il y a eu un appauvrissement général qui pose une menace pour la conservation des ressources, en raison de la pression démographique d'une population qui a doublé depuis 1981 et les pressions externes liées à la migration et qui en découle l'appauvrissement des ressources non renouvelables. Cet article se propose a analyser les action des ONG locales et internationales dans la préservation et la durabilité de l'archipel des Bijagos. À cette fin, nous cherchons à travers une approche interdisciplinaire pour analyser les phénomènes qui sont configurés dans les stratégies des ONG, sur l'hypothèse que ces questions sont articulées dans le domaine de la géographie et de la sociologie, ainsi que dans la politique et la coopération internationale. Il est proposé de nouveaux défis pour les questions environnementales, en particulier dans une situation actuelle secoué par les politiques internes et externes instabilité constante.
Mots clés: Ressources Naturelles; Développement Durable; Potentiel; Vulnerabilités.
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